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Democratic erosion in the world
Nehoda, Marek ; Guasti, Petra (advisor) ; Perottino, Michel (referee)
This thesis deals with democratic erosion, mainly in form of executive aggrandizement. Thesis is based on the theory of Nancy Bermeo, who defined and started to scholarly deal with the issue of aggrandizement. Methodologically, this work uses the principles of a case study, with individual case studies being Hungary, Nicaragua, Thailand, Turkey, Mali, and Armenia, in which the subject of research is the phenomenon of executive aggrandizement in each branch of power during the years 2008 to 2018. The research questions are answered thanks to systematic analysis of branches of power within case studies. The result is discovery that across different political systems and regions there are common features in the examined cases. In all cases, except Thailand, there is a unicameral parliament present, and that the institution aggrandized first is usually the one that can threaten the continuity of executive mandate the most. Furthermore, it is possible to generalize the signs of democratic erosion. These particularly include - unconstitutional activities, manipulation of the electoral process, limitation of powers or gaining control over the legislation/judiciary/executive, etc. Finally, executive aggrandizement occurs the most over the judicial power, where research shows that the judiciary most often...
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The influence of the European states in the Council of European Union and the Lisbon treaty changes
Šimko, Benjamín ; Dubský, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Abrhám, Josef (referee)
This thesis analyzes the influence of European countries in the Council of European Union. Firstly, it presents specific features of this main decision-making body of EU, then introduces the sources of power of the member states, particularly the voting power. In connection with the Lisbon treaty having come into force the thesis presents its impacts on the power distribution in the Council, on efficiency and equity. Lisbon treaty improves the efficiency, however the equity will suffer. Finally, it considers the impact of future enlargement on the power distribution and sustainability of the voting system.
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